Morawietz/Nimtsch in Upper Silesia since 1887/ 1838

1. Presently known settlement main focuses of Morawietz and Nimtsch in Upper Silesia

2. Information to the everyday life of our forefathers with his miseries, joys and monotony

1. Presently known settlement main focuses of Morawietz and Nimtsch in Upper Silesia

Here Morawietz and Nimtsch, the forefathers of my mother come from. In this "Coal Basin" I am born in D-Gleiwitz.

" Under this sky " Irene Morawietz is born in 1922. Her father Hugo (in 1899-1968) walks "across country" and "at an unearthly hour" to the Concordiagrube (photo on the right) to the work. In this time was between the single villages still much farmland. The first mines, factories and working-class colonies were already established. B. Szczech [SL07] page V.

Origin of the forefathers:
MORAWIETZ (resident in a so-called "colony") from Zaborze:
(1914-1945: Zabrze is named "Hindenburg". 1.1.1927:
Zaborze and others villages are incorporated to "Hindenburg")



With Morawietz I have arrived at documents of the registry office in Zaborz at present with the origin of Arnold Morawietz (*01.12.1845) in D-Langlieben district Cosel (PL-Dlugomilowice with Kedzierzyn-Kozle). His parents (Franz and Thekla) are also resident here and his wife Marie Bartella comes here.

Origin of the forefathers:
NIMTSCH (bis1838): aus Zabrze und dem Umland
With Nimtsch the tracks go back up to the Josef Nimtsch *1839 in D-Paniow (to the south of D-Zabrze and the river Klodnitz).

The main focus lies with the wives and the more marriages of Nimtsch's of her origin except in D-Zabrze still to the east of D-Peiskretscham PL-Pyscowice in the places: D-Lubek PL- D-Nierada PL- D-Xindslas (Kzionzl) PL- D-Dramastein (Kamienietz) PL-Kamieniec

Further places in the neighborhood of Zabrze in German Polish manner of writing:

D-Alt Zabrze PL-Stare Zabrze
D-Beuthen PL-Bytom
D-Biskupitz PL-Biskupice
D-Gleiwitz PL-Gliwice
D-Klein Zabrze PL-Male Zabrze
D-Königshütte PL-Chorzow
D-Kunzendorf PL-Konczyce
D-Makoschau PL-Makozowy
D-Mathesdorf PL-Maciejow
D-Mikultschütz PL-Mikulczyce
D-Paulsdorf PL-Pawlow
D-Pilzendorf PL-Grzybowice
D-Poremba PL-
D-Rokittnitz PL-Rokitnica
D-Zaborze PL-Zaborze


In 1790 Salomon Izaak from Brabant (today Belgium) discovers between D-Paulsdorf and D-Zabrze hard stone coal seams, it is worked mine in the greater circumference for the first time and the Queen Luise Mine there comes into being.

Before was worked mine coal, e.g., on the Brandenburg Mine in the small circumference by farmers in opencast mining in Ruda to the east of Zabrze (1751), in 1754: Mine Emanuelsegen nearby Kustochna [SL09] H. Schlenger page 149.

Many further mines, metallurgical plants, factories and people follow. In 1927 D-Zabrze (Hindenburg 1915-1945) behind Breslau is the second largest town of Silesia. B. Szczech [SL07] page XVII and XX.

After 1905 one can make out the huge industrialization in this region already very clearly, especially by the developed railway system. W. Koch Traffic Atlas [AL] page 20/21.

2. Information to the everyday life of our forefathers with his miseries, joys and monotony

Upper Silesia is a borderland: (before 1914) in the east to Poland, in the south to Austria-Hungary with Moravia and Galicia with all his consequences A. Weltzel [SL01], page 603, writes moreover very much suitably:

" Now (1860?) one writes Moravian, spoke Polish and dressed German ".

My mother visited as a child about 1930 quite often an aunt who belonged because of the 1th World War and after Signing the Genevese Convention in 1922 suddenly to Poland. Besides, she jumped about a ditch and then was with her aunt in Poland!



Because in Upper Silesia every family some way with the mining comes to touch, here still for the layman the hierarchy of mining:

Kolonne-Häuer-Oberhäuer-Steiger-Obersteiger-Fahrsteiger-Chefingenieur-Direktor.

Since 1945 Polish is the national language for Upper Silesia

2.1 Notes to the historical frame:

1945: Upper Silesia falls to Poland
1939-45: World War II
9.11.1938: Synagogue is destroyed by arson
1.1.1927: Zaborze and others villages are incorporated to Hindenburg
1924 (end of the inflation): For a trillion imperial mark = a pension mark [SL10] N. Conrads page 33
May, 1923: 8.40 golden marks = 100,000 paper marks
1.10.1922: Hindenburg receives town right
January, 1922: For 1.26 golden marks = 100 paper marks
20.10.1921: Division of Upper Silesia after vote under international supervision. Ruda, Paulsdorf, Paniow ... come to Poland. [SL10] N.Conrads page 628
January, 1918: For the golden mark of the empire the paper mark is introduced. A golden mark = 1.20 paper marks

1914-18: World War I
1.4.1897: Leader of the Borsigwerke, Arnold Borsig, has an killed accident subterranean
1892: Cholera barrack builds
1869-72, Klein-Zabrze: Synagogue, nextdoor: Jewish school, administration, archiv
1855: Typhusepedemie
1849, 52, 66: Cholera
1848: Reopening of the Concordiahütte (water problems)
2.2.1826: New squire Count Henckel of Donnersmarck
1821: Church municipality Biskupitz comes from the Diocese of Cracow to the Diocese of Breslau

8.04.1809: Abolition of the serfing
1807: Abrogation of the serfing [SL08] W. Kuhn page 245
1804: Elementary School Biskupitz, also for Ruda and Zaborze
1797: Inauguration of Concordiagrube


1774-76: Colonization of Frederick II (the Great) in the Zabrzer environs
after 1763: Refugees from Poland
25.12.1745: Peace of Dresden: Prussia (Berlin) receives Silesia from Austria (1. and 2. Silesian War in 1740-42 and 1744-45)
about 1700: Five villages and five preworks with 1700 inhabitants belong to the rule Zabrze.
25.03.1677: Priest Johann Georg Bardesto puts on an inventory for Zabrze.
1618-48: 30-Years-War
1548: Brothers Nikolaus and Johann von Birawa receive mining right-hand side of Biskupitz and environs

1528: The first Mountain Order of the Free Mountain Town Tarnowitz under Mark Count Georg von Brandenburg and Johann von Oppeln.
1526: Silesia fells with Bohemia, Moravia and Hungary to Ferdinand I. of Habsburg (Wien).
1465: Zabrzer farmland is mortage to Duke Hans von Auschwitz
1432-34: War of Hussits
1335: Poland renounces Silesia in favour of Bohemia (Prag)
Population originally Slavic. In the 13th century by German immigrants Germanized

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